A physical machine that can run programs, such as computers, tablets, phones, routers, and servers.
A group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose.
A group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data.
The route that data takes from one device to another across a network.
The maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second.
A set of agreed-upon rules that determine how data is formatted and transmitted between devices.
A unique number assigned to each device connected to a network, used to identify and locate it.
The set of rules for addressing and routing data across networks so it reaches the correct destination.
A computing device that receives and forwards data packets between networks based on IP addresses.
A small chunk of data sent over a network, containing a portion of the message plus a header with routing information.
Having multiple paths or backup systems so that if one fails, data can still reach its destination.
A system designed to continue operating properly even when some of its components fail.
HyperText Transfer Protocol. The set of rules for how web browsers request and receive web pages from servers.
Domain Name System. Translates human-readable domain names (like google.com) into IP addresses that computers use.
A global network of interconnected networks that communicate using shared protocols (TCP/IP).
A system of linked web pages and resources accessed through the Internet using HTTP. It is one application that runs on the Internet.
The gap between people who have access to modern computing and the Internet, and those who do not.